Industry Experience
Power Electronics Intern - Inverters
During my summer 2025 internship at Caterpillar, I worked on the Power Electronics Inverters Team, contributing to the design, testing, and validation of high-power inverter systems for heavy machinery. I supported gate driver board development, automated double pulse test analysis in MATLAB, simulated fault conditions to diagnose hardware issues, and analyzed competitor inverter designs—gaining hands-on experience with real-world power electronics design and validation.
A key challenge in inverter development is minimizing voltage and current overshoot during IGBT switching. To evaluate this, we conducted high-voltage double pulse tests using Infineon and Fuji IGBTs with custom in-house gate driver boards. The existing workflow relied on manual Excel-based data analysis, which was error-prone and inefficient, hindering both internal review and supplier discussions. To address this, I developed a MATLAB script that processes raw oscilloscope exports, generates time-aligned plots of Vge, Vce, and Ice, and calculates switching energy losses. The tool enabled fast, accurate test result interpretation and produced clean outputs directly comparable to supplier datasheets. This automation significantly improved team efficiency, freed up engineering time for design work, and enhanced the clarity of technical communication with stakeholders.
To ensure reliable IGBT switching behavior, I collaborated with the team to design and optimize a gate driver board tailored to stakeholder requirements. I was responsible for validating all protection and control features, including gate drive functionality, overcurrent, overvoltage, low voltage dropout, and desaturation. Using the circuit schematic, precision power supplies, and a Fluke multimeter, I developed test fixtures to isolate and trigger individual faults. This included methods like shorting collector-emitter terminals to prevent premature desaturation trips. All test results were consolidated in a structured Excel document, and upon successful validation, the board was immediately integrated into double pulse testing.
To ensure reliable operation in cold conditions, we performed thermal chamber testing with a focus on interface board drive and feedback signal behavior. I led the setup, using a function generator and oscilloscope to monitor signal performance across a range of temperatures. At –40°C, I identified a delayed feedback signal that failed to switch quickly enough, causing the machine to misinterpret the inverter state and trigger a fault. Root cause analysis traced the issue to stray inductance from an overly long PCB trace routed near multiple signal vias. We resolved the issue by working with the software team to increase debounce time, restoring reliable system operation in cold-start environments.
Due to the sensitive nature of my electrical engineering internship, I can only provide a general overview.
As an Electrical Engineering Intern at Lockheed Martin, I collaborated with a multidisciplinary team of engineers to design innovative solutions to some of the Department of Defense's toughest challenges. My responsibilities included utilizing block diagrams to select and procure appropriate components for designs, ensuring optimal system performance. Additionally, I gained valuable hands-on experience in the repair shop, where I troubleshot and repaired older, dysfunctional modules, restoring them to operational standards.
As part of a team of electrical engineers, I contributed to the initial design phase of a new Navy project. My role involved sourcing and selecting components that aligned with the system-level block diagram to meet design requirements. Through this process, I gained valuable experience in circuit analysis and design, collaborating with customers to ensure all expectations were met, and coordinating with vendors to balance technical needs and pricing. Specifically, I worked on rotary switches, seven-segment displays, fiber optic communications, and LCDs.
During my internship, I spent much of my time between projects in the repair shop, troubleshooting and repairing faulty instrumentation and controls modules. Before joining the team, I completed Department of Defense-standard ESD training. My work involved deconstructing modules for inspection, applying power to simulate faults, and resolving issues by replacing PCBs or other hardware components. This hands-on experience sharpened my ability to diagnose and repair hardware failures.
Student Involvement
Through my time with Nittany Motorsports, I’ve grown from a hands-on electronics member to leading major hardware initiatives as Hardware Project Manager. I’ve developed skills in team leadership, project coordination, and cross-functional collaboration while helping design and deliver key electrical systems for our electric race car. This experience has challenged me to think critically, communicate clearly, and manage complex projects under tight deadlines.
I am excited to lead a team of engineers in solving some of our most complex challenges.
2025–2026 Goals:
Improve Knowledge Transfer: Our current tribal knowledge model is inefficient and contributes to low retention. We aim to create a structured onboarding process to retain top talent and ramp up new members faster.
Refine PCB Layouts & Components: After rapid evolution, many of our designs are not optimized for manufacturability. We plan to clean up layouts and standardize components.
Boost Electronics Score: We lost points at competition due to poor documentation and weak design justifications. Improving both is a key focus.
Corrective Actions:
Microsoft SharePoint: Build a standardized file system including schematic walk-throughs, datasheet collections, and concept resources to accelerate onboarding.
Empower Component Leads: Promote strong contributors into specialized PM roles and enable them to mentor and delegate effectively.
Test & Validate: Emphasize rigorous testing of hardware and enclosures for vibration and thermal durability, while also evaluating signal integrity to ensure clean, noise-free performance across all critical interfaces.
The figures below illustrate the full schematic and matching PCB for the Low Voltage Battery Management System (LV BMS). This design incorporates the bq76905 BMS chip, the STM32L432KC microcontroller, and the SN65HVD230 CAN transceiver. Using the detailed information provided in the chip datasheets, I developed an organized and easily readable schematic.
Key design features include:
Battery Control: Uses power MOSFETs to turn the battery on and off, for charging and discharging.
Battery Monitoring: Has built in protections for overvoltage, undervoltage, over current, under current, short circuit, and temperature.
Noise Reduction: The implementation of multiple capacitors with varying capacitance effectively mitigates noise on communication and power traces.
Signal Integrity: A terminating resistor ensures proper impedance matching, reducing signal reflection on CAN BUS.
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Protection: Zener diodes safeguard against electromagnetic static discharge, enhancing circuit reliability.
Future Improvements for the 2025-2026 season:
Mounting holes to increase stability of mounting.
Buck converter to create more robust power supply to satellite ICs.
Volunteering & Community
For my Eagle Scout project, I collaborated with Veterans Moving Forward, a nonprofit organization dedicated to training service dogs to rehabilitate veterans recovering from physical and mental trauma. At the time, the organization lacked specialized training obstacles for their service dogs, which were crucial for their development.
To address this need, I took on the challenge of designing, prototyping, manufacturing, and installing three unique obstacles, each serving a critical role in the dogs' training regimen. I am grateful for the support I received from my troop, which made the completion of this project possible.
Creating a prototype was essential to the success of my project. Working with a limited budget, I needed to ensure that my customer was satisfied with the concept and design before proceeding. The prototype allowed me to test and refine the obstacles, ensuring they met the organization’s needs.
The manufacturing process involved over 100 volunteer hours and the efforts of 20 scouts. To maximize safety and efficiency, I established dedicated workstations and delegated tasks. This approach ensured a well-organized process while maintaining high productivity throughout the project.
The three obstacles were delivered on time and met high-quality standards. One of the most rewarding moments was seeing the service dogs use the obstacles during their training sessions. Additionally, I take pride in inspiring other scouts in my troop to support the same organization through their own projects.